24 April 2013

HR MANAGEMENT - Glossary of Judicial terms (Commonly Used in Employment / Industrial Law)

By Faudzil Harun - Trans Management Consultants








GLOSSARY OF JUDICIAL TERMS
(Commonly used in Employment / Industrial Law)



Judicial is defined as :

1.  Pertaining to judgment in courts of 
justice or to the administration of justice: judicial 
     proceedings; the judicial system.

2.  P
ertaining to courts of law or to 
judges; judiciary: judicial functions.


NO

TERM
DEFINITION
1.      
Abandonment
Left or leaving without intention of returning.
2.      
Absurd
Foolish, far from what is usual and normal.
3.      
Accomplice
Someone not really involved at the scene.
4.      
Accused
The accused is the defendant (the person defending themselves against 
legal action).
5.      
Acquiring
To obtain.
6.      
Acquit
The act of freeing a person from the charge of an offense by means of a decision, verdict or other legal process; to discharge.
7.      
Adhere
Give support, hold or be faithful.
8.      
Adjudicate
To hear or try and determine judicially.
9.      
Admonish
Advise to do right, warn against wrongdoing.
10.   
Affidavit
A sworn or statement made in writing in front of a notary.
11.   
Affront
An action or remark that causes outrage or offense.
12.   
Aggravated
To make worse or more serious.
13.   
Akin
Similar to or alike.
14.   
Alleged
To say that someone has done something wrong but without proving that 
this is true.
15.   
Ambiguous
To do a particular thing that which ones desire to be.
16.   
Apparent
That which is clear, plain, and evident.
17.   
Arbitrary
Not based on any principles or reason, not thinking about the wishes of the other people involved.
18.   
Arbitration
The submission voluntarily or involuntarily of a disputed matter to selected persons and the substitution of their award or decision for the judgment of 
a court or its confirmation by the court as a judgment of the court.
19.   
Arrogant
Thinking that you are better and more important than other people and not caring about their feelings.
20.   
Artisan
Skilled manual worker who makes functional or decorative items, person occupied by the practice of a craft,
21.   
Ascertain
To find out.
22.   
Assault
Violent or sudden attack.
23.   
Attain
Reach, arrive at, and succeed in doing thing or getting skill or knowledge.
24.   
Attribute
Special sign, consider as belonging.
25.   
Audi alteram partem
Latin phrase that literally means "It should be heard [audiatur] also the other party", "hear [audi] the other side too", or "hear the alternative party too". It 
is most often used to refer to the principle that no person should be judged without a fair hearing in which each party is given the opportunity to respond 
to the evidence against them.
26.   
Avenue
Method, a way or means.
27.   
Awry
Wrong.
28.   
Bona fide
Real or genuine, made or carried out in good faith without fraud or deceit.
29.   
Breach
Act of breaking (a law, duty, promise etc.).
30.   
Cardinal
Proper steps.
31.   
Censure
An expression of strong disapproval or harsh criticism, a serious blame, 
strong disapproval
32.   
Charge
To make a claim of wrongdoing against; accuse or blame.
33.   
Charge Sheet
A written claim of wrongdoing or accusation prepared after investigation.

34.   
Claimant
The person making the claim.
35.   
Coax
By kindness or patience.
36.   
Commendation
a message expressing a favorable opinion,
37.   
Common law
The body of law which originated in England and upon which present day
U.S. law is based.
38.   
Compel
Force to do.
39.   
Compulsion
Psychiatry an inner drive that causes a person to perform actions, often of 
a trivial and repetitive nature, against his or her will. 
40.   
Conceive
Form (an idea, plan etc.) in mind.
41.   
Condonation
Not to consider something to be wrong.
42.   
Condone
Accept and allow (behavior that is considered morally wrong or offensive) 
to continue. Forgive or pardon.
43.   
Confine
Keep or restrict someone or something within certain limits of (space, 
scope, quantity, or time).
44.   
Conform
Compliance in actions, behavior, etc., with certain accepted standards or norms.
45.   
Conceal
Hide or keep secret.
46.   
Conscience
Duty, ethics.
47.   
Consequent
As a result of.
48.   
Constitutes
To make up or form.
49.   
Contend
To argue that is true.
50.   
Contradict
To say that something is wrong or untrue or opposite of something.
51.   
Contravention
Go against the law or custom.
52.   
Construed
Interpret (a word or action) in a particular way.
53.   
Corroborated
to support with evidence or authority : make more certain
54.   
Cross- Examination
The questioning of a witness produced by the other side.
55.   
Decree
A decision or order of the court - a final decree is one which fully and
finally disposes of the litigation; an interlocutory decree is a provisional 
or preliminary decree which is not final.
56.   
Deemed
To consider.
57.   
De facto
Existing in fact, whether legally recognized or not (concerning fact). It is commonly used in contrast to de jure (which means "concerning the law"). 
58.   
Defamation
Hurting the reputation of by saying evil things about someone.
59.   
Deliberate
Done on purpose.
60.   
Delinquent
Behaving badly and often breaking the law.
61.   
Demeanour
the way a person behaves towards others
62.   
Deprived
1.     Suffering a severe and damaging lack of basic material and cultural benefits.
2.     (of a person). Suffering a lack of a specified benefit that is considered important.
63.   
Derogatory
Expressing a lack of respect for.
64.   
Deterrent
Discouraging agent or way.
65.   
Deviate
Turn away from what is right.
66.   
Dictation
An authoritative command or order or instruction to do something.
67.   
Dignity
Elevated rank, elevation of character; worthiness, conduct, appreciation 
of the formality. 
68.   
Diligent
Showing care and effort, hard working.
69.   
Disputes
Disagreements or arguments between people.
70.   
Distinguish
1.     Recognize or treat (someone or something) as different.
2.     Perceive or point out a difference.
71.   
Doctrine
A belief or a set of belief that is taught by.
72.   
Due
To be fair to a person, fair and reasonable..
73.   
Duly
In a right or suitable manner, at the right time.
74.   
Entailed
1.     Involve (something) as a necessary or inevitable part or consequence.
2.     Have as a logically necessary consequence.
75.   
Enunciated
To announce, to state precisely or formally.
76.   
Equity
Fairness, right judgment.
77.   
Evidence
A form of proof or probative matter legally presented at the trial of an issue 
by the acts of the parties and through witnesses, records, documents, concrete objects, etc., for the purpose of inducing belief in the minds of 
the court or the jury.
78.   
Evinced
To show or demonstrate clearly.
79.   
Extenuate
Make wrongdoing seems less serious.
80.   
Finding
The court's or jury's decision on issues of fact.
81.   
Foster
Care for, help the growth or development.
82.   
Flaws
Cracks that lessen the value, beauty or perfection of a thing.
83.   
Fuss
Unnecessary nervous excitement or activity or time when people are angry.
84.   
Hearing
A preliminary examination where evidence is taken for the purpose of determining an issue of fact and reaching a decision on the basis of that evidence.
85.   
Hearsay
A type of testimony given by a witness who relates not what he/she knows personally, but what others have told the witness, or what the witness has heard said by others; may be admissible or inadmissible in court depending upon rules of evidence.
86.   
Heinous
Wrongful act or wicked.
87.   
Inception
Origin, outset, source, root, beginning; start; commencement.
88.   
Indemnity
Security against loss or damages, exemption from penalty or liability, 
amount paid as compensation under an indemnity agreement.
89.   
Infer
Reaching an opinion (from facts or reason).
90.   
Inference
The act or process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known 
or assumed to be true. The act of reasoning from factual knowledge or evidence.
91.   
In lieu
Instead of, in place of or as substitute.
92.   
Inter Alia
Among other things.
93.   
Impartial
Fair or natural.
94.   
Implicitly
Having no doubts or reservations; unquestioning.
95.   
Implied
Given the impression, to express or indicate indirectly, hinted at or 
suggested.
96.   
Inception
An event that is a beginning; a first part or stage of subsequent events.
97.   
Incriminate
To provide evidence that someone is guilty of a crime or wrongdoing.
98.   
Inherent
Existing as a natural and permanent part of.
99.   
Impartial Tribunal
Unbiased judgment.
100.     
Inquiry
A questioning session, questions that you ask about something.
101.     
Insolent
Rude, insulting.
102.     
Instigate
Excite and urge.
103.     
Intervene
Interfere so as to stop or change the result.
104.     
Jurisdiction
The administration of justice.
105.     
Jury
a prescribed number of persons selected according to law and sworn to 
make findings of fact.
106.     
Just cause
A reasonable and lawful ground for action, fair or right reason.
107.     
Liberty
Freedom from arbitrary or control, interference, obligation, restriction. 
Power or right of doing, thinking, speaking.
108.     
Litigation
a legal proceeding in a court; a judicial contest to determine and enforce. 
legal rights.
109.     
Mala fide
With or in bad faith, in bad faith; with intent to deceive.
110.     
Malingerer
A person who shirks his work or duty.
111.     
Malingering
An act to avoid duty or work, evading duty or work.
112.     
Mere
Nothing more than, how small, unimportant, not emphasizing.
113.     
Mitigate
To make less serious.
114.     
Mitigation
Reduction of penalty or punishment.
115.     
Moral
Standard of behavior, principles of right and wrong.
116.     
Morale
Confidence under discipline, fighting spirit.
117.     
Negligence
Failure to exercise the degree of care that a reasonable person would 
exercise under the same circumstances.
118.     
Nemo iudex in causa sua

Also called :

● nemo iudex
   idoneus in
   propria causa est

● nemo iudex in
   parte sua

● nemo debet esse
   iudex in
   propria causa

● in propria causa
   nemo iudex

Latin phrase that means, literally, no-one should be a judge in their own 
cause. It is a principle of natural justice that no person can judge a case 
in which they have an interest. The rule is very strictly applied to any appearance of a possible bias, even if there is actually none: "Justice 
must not only be done, but must be seen to be done".
119.     
Norm
A pattern of behavior that is normal or expected.
120.     
Obliged
To require as by law, command, force of necessity. To bind morally or 
legally, as by a promise or contract.
121.     
Omission
Something that has not been included or the act of not including something.
122.     
Oral Proof
Evidence given by word of mouth; the oral testimony of a witness.
123.     
Outright
Straight Ahead.
124.     
Particeps criminis
one who has a share in a crime
125.     
Pecuniary
Of money or monetary.
126.     
Penal
Legal punishment or punishment by law for wrongdoing.
127.     
Penalize
To be punished.
128.     
Perceive
Become aware of.
129.     
Persistent
Continuing to do even though people say that you are wrong or that you 
cannot do it.
130.     
Pertinent
Directly connected with.
131.     
Pertinent Witness
A witness who is directly connected to or involved with..
132.     
Perturbed
To disturb greatly; make uneasy or anxious, to throw into great confusion.
133.     
Perverse
1.     Obstinate desire to behave in a way that is unreasonable or unacceptable. Contrary to the accepted or expected standard or practice.
134.     
Pitfalls
Exposed to trap or unsuspected danger.
135.     
Precedent
Something that is considered as an example or rule for what happens later.
136.     
Prevalent
To be generally done.
137.     
Probe
Examine.
138.     
Proposition
The act of offering or suggesting something to be considered,accepted, adopted, or done.
139.     
Provision
Provide for.
140.     
Proviso
Limiting clause or condition.
141.     
Quash
Cancel, overthrown thrown.
142.     
Quasi-judicial
Authority that to declare that an official decision, or judgment. Authority 
that to stop or defeat something by force.
143.     
Realm
field of interest, study.
144.     
Redundancy
The state or condition of being redundant or superfluous, espsuperfluous 
in one's job.
145.     
Reinstate
To put back in the former position or condition.
146.     
Reluctant
Not willing and rather slow to agree to do something.
147.     
Repentance
Wish one had not done, feel sorry about wrongdoing.
148.     
Repudiate
Refuse to accept.
149.     
Resentment
Feel angry and scornful especially at injustice.
150.     
Retrospect
View of past events, look back upon (especially of laws).
151.     
Scrutiny
A careful examination or observation.
152.     
Show cause letter
A written notice asking the employee to explain or to "show cause" why 
he should not be given disciplinary action given what he did or did not do.
153.     
Sphere
A person’s interest, activities.
154.     
Subsidiary Legislation
Any proclamation, rule, regulation, order, resolution, notice, rule of court, 
by law or other instrument made under or by virtue of any Ordinance and 
having legislative effect. 
155.     
Substantial
The presence of truth or facts.
156.     
Substantive
Having a firm basis in reality and therefore important, meaningful, or considerable.
157.     
Summary
Done quickly.
158.     
Suspicion
A feeling or belief that something is wrong or that someone has done something wrong or a feeling that something may happen or be untrue.
159.     
Sustain
Continue.
160.     
Taint
Trace of infection or of some bad quality, make or become infected or 
spoiled.
161.     
Tantamount
Equal in effect.
162.     
Temptation
Persuade to do.
163.     
Tort
An injury or wrong committed, either with or without force, and either intentionally or negligently, to the person or property of another.
164.     
Tribunal
Any person or institution with the authority to judge, adjudicate on, or determine claims or disputes.
165.     
Trifle
Things or event of little value or importance.
166.     
Ultimatum
A statement that expresses or implies the threat of serious penalties if the terms are not accepted, a resort to force or other direct action
167.     
Unblemished
Undamaged or untarnished.
168.     
Undertake
Commit oneself to and begin, to contract to or commit oneself to, promise 
to do a particular thing.
169.     
Unilaterally
Of, on, relating to, involving, or affecting only one side, Performed or 
undertaken by only one side, Emphasizing or recognizing only one side of 
a subject.
170.     
Uphold
To support (especially when other people are against).
171.     
Vague
Of uncertain, indefinite, or unclear character or meaning.
172.     
Verdict
The determination of a jury on the facts.
173.     
Vital
Connection with or connected to.
174.     
Vouched
To give personal assurances; give a guarantee, to constitute supporting evidence
175.     
Vulgar
Displeasing to a person, rough and noisy.
176.     
Wanton
Playful, serving no purpose, done without good reason.
177.     
Willful Breach
Intent to injure, break or go against.



Source of Reference :

1.   Prem’s Judicial Dictionary
2.   Gifis, Steven H. - Law Dictionary. Barron's Educational Series, Inc., New York
3.   Black, Henry Campbell - Black's Law Dictionary. West Publishing Co.
4.   Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary
5.   Legal Dictionary/law.com
6.   wordreference.com
7.   thefreedictionary.com